우주곰, 엔지니어 방랑기

Issue

A Red Hat Enterprise Linux server which is not connected to the Internet, needs to be updated, and has no access to a RHN Satellite or Proxy server.

Environment

Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6.x
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5.x

Resolution

There is a server which is offline and doesn't have any connection to the Internet.

Then we need station (or laptop / virtual machine), which has the same major Red Hat Enterprise Linux version as server and is connected to the Red Hat Network/Proxy/Satellite.

Copy the /var/lib/rpm to the station connected to the Internet (you can use USB/CD…)
```
scp -r /var/lib/rpm root@station:/tmp/
```
Install the download only plugin for yum and createrepo on the machine which is connected to the Internet (Red Hat Network):
```
yum install yum-downloadonly createrepo
yum clean all
```
Backup the original rpm directory on the station and replace it with the rpm directory from the "offline" server:
```
mv -v /var/lib/rpm /var/lib/rpm.orig
mv -v /tmp/rpm /var/lib/
```

Download updates to /tmp/rpm_updates and return back the /var/lib/rpm

mkdir -v /tmp/rpm_updates
yum update --downloadonly --downloaddir /tmp/rpm_updates
createrepo /tmp/rpm_updates
rm -rvf /var/lib/rpm
mv -v /var/lib/rpm.orig /var/lib/rpm

Transfer the downloaded rpms to the server and update:

scp -r /tmp/rpm_updates root@server:/tmp/
ssh root@server

cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/rhel-offline-updates.repo << \EOF
[rhel-offline-updates]
name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux $releasever - $basearch - Offline Updates Repository
baseurl=file:///tmp/rpm_updates
enabled=1
EOF

yum upgrade

…and the server is updated.

These updates are the same as if "yum update" had been executed on a station that had a connection to the Internet.